Hybrid Electric Drive

What Is It?

Hybrid Electric Drive (HED) is a propulsion plant modification that utilizes an electric machine attached to the main reduction gear, allowing DDG51-class ships to operate at higher efficiency or generate additional power.
 

How Does It Work?

  •  The use of an electric motor and generator on each main reduction gear improves engineering plant efficiency by enabling the shut-down of propulsion gas turbines and gas turbine generators, thereby improving the specific fuel consumption of prime movers. Additional power for ship service can be generated in propulsion derived ship service (PDSS) operating mode.
  • Bi-directional power converters link the motor and generators to the ship service electrical distribution bus.
  • Depending on HED design, an energy storage module enhances operation with the ability to both store and contribute needed energy to smooth out transient propulsion.

What Will It Accomplish?

Hybrid Electric Drive will increase ship mission effectiveness by enabling longer time on station. It has the potential to generate additional electric power for future sensors and weapons with a 9 percent potential fuel savings in electric propulsion mode, and 12 to 15 percent fuel savings in Electric Propulsion System + PDSS operating modes.

The Office of Naval Research is investigating and demonstrating technologies capable of reducing fuel consumption, improving power conversion efficiency, and increasing the installed power generation capacity on USS Arleigh Burke class ships. One effort, underway by General Electric, is examining the design, dynamic analysis and control of hybrid electric drive operating in electric propulsion and PDSS operating modes.
 
In propulsion mode using HED electric propulsion, the main gas turbines are secured. Gas turbine generators are electrically connected to a motor attached to each main reduction gear. The propulsion load is removed from the main gas turbines and placed onto the gas turbine generators. This mode allows the generators to operate optimally, lowering fuel consumption.

In generation mode using HED PDSS, the electric motors generate ship service power where the main gas turbines will be loaded to an optimal level reducing fuel consumption and securing a gas turbine generator to enable single generator operations. Additional ship service power can be generated by maintaining the gas turbine generator sets on line. The electrical distribution system is designed to handle the higher power output capacity.

The program calls for system integration, component and control technology development and a partial system demonstration. A demonstration will be conducted of the key electrical system features to investigate and validate the bidirectional drive technology and control logics for the electrical and propulsion subsystems.

By utilizing hybrid electric drive, the ship can optimally load the gas turbines to take advantage of their fuel consumption characteristics as well as reduce their operating time. Through the integration of mechanical and electrical systems the ship can operate at most speeds at a lower fuel consumption providing fuel savings and longer time on station.

Research Challenges and Opportunities:

  • Develop and demonstrate integrated HED system control approaches and associated bidirectional power conversion operating in EPS and PDSS modes
  • Investigate additional power generation capability for future weapons and  sensors

Point of Contact:

Donald Hoffman
(703) 696-0614
Donald.hoffman@navy.mil

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