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Landing On His Feet

For Immediate Release: Jan 01, 2001

Sometimes, good ideas materialize in some very unlikely places. Take spatial perception for instance. Navy Captain Angus Rupert took a recreational parachute jump back in the 70's, and in his free-fall toward the ground realized that even while tumbling he could tell the direction of down just by his sense of touch as the wind pushed against him. Twenty years later, Angus made that idea a reality and incidentally developed a product to help pilots combat spatial disorientation in flight.

The Tactile Situational Awareness System (TSAS) is a template of actuators built into a flight vest. The vest creates vibrations on the pilot's torso, and is mapped to points in the environment to confirm the correct information for the pilot on pitch, roll, airspeed and altitude. If the pilot banks to the right, the vibrations are felt on his right side. If he pitches sharply to the left, he feels them on his left.

"We orient ourselves by vision, the inner ear, and our somatosensory - or sense-of-touch - system," says Rupert. "If it's pitch dark, vision isn't going to help, and if centrifugal forces are such that we think them gravitational forces, then both our vestibular and somatosensory system have failed us, too, in that they have provided false information."

"Severe disorientation can put a pilot very swiftly in an unrecoverable situation," says Dr. David Street, ONR program manager for the TSAS vest. "This is exactly what we need to prevent."

Other uses for the vest are target or threat location in hostile situations, for creating an 'artificial down' in spacecraft (where in weightlessness astronauts also become disoriented), and in prosthetics where persons with severe balance disorders must find a way to stay upright. The TSAS is currently under development at the Naval Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory in Florida. Rupert is a Navy Flight Surgeon assigned to NASA's Johnson Space Center. ONR is looking at providing further funding for an underwater application of the vest.

About the Office of Naval Research

The Department of the Navy’s Office of Naval Research provides the science and technology necessary to maintain the Navy and Marine Corps’ technological advantage. Through its affiliates, ONR is a leader in science and technology with engagement in 50 states, 55 countries, 634 institutions of higher learning and nonprofit institutions, and more than 960 industry partners. ONR, through its commands, including headquarters, ONR Global and the Naval Research Laboratory in Washington, D.C., employs more than 3,800 people, comprising uniformed, civilian and contract personnel.